Wrench.



W. M. PALMER.

' WRENCH. APPLIGATION FILED MAY 7, 1913.

1,086,784. Patented Feb 10, 1914.

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WILLIAM M. PALMER, or TAFT, CALIFORNIA.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 10, 19141:.

Application filed May 7, 1913. Serial No. 766,148.

T 0 (ZZZ whom it may concern.

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM M. PALMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Taft, in the county of Kern and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in renches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to wrenches and it consists in the novel features hereinafter described and claimed.

An object of the invention is to provide a wrench of simple structure which may be easily and quickly adjusted to receive pipe or rods of different dimensions, the parts of the wrench being so assembled as to eifect a durable structure and one that is positive in its action.

With the above object in view, the wrench includes a shank having a fixed aw and provided at its edge with a series of spaced teeth. A carrier is slidably mounted upon the shank and is provided with a spring pressed pawl having teeth adapted to enter the spaces between the teeth upon the shank. A wheel is journaled in the carrier and is provided upon its periphery with teeth adapted to mesh with the teeth upon the shank. Plates are pivotally mounted upon the axis of the said wheel and carry a jaw. The inner surface of the jaw is arcuate and during the operation of the wrench is adapted to rest against the ends of the teeth of the wheel whereby the strain incident to the operation of the wrench is distributed between the axis of the wheel and the pivot of the pawl to the carrier and shank of the wrench.

In the accompanying drawing-Figure 1 is a side elevation of the wrench. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an end portion of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the same out on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

The wrench comprises a shank 1 having at its end a fixed jaw 2 which is provided with teeth 3. The shank 1 is provided at its front with a series of spaced teeth 4.

A carrier 5 is slidably mounted upon the shank 1 and the said carrier is approximately U-shaped in edge elevation. A pawl 6 is pivoted between the opposite side portions of the carrier 5 and is provided with teeth 7 adapted to enter the spaces between the teeth 4 and thus means is provided for holding the carrier 5 at an adjusted position along the shank l. A spring 8 is fixed to the carrier 5 and bears at its free end against the outer edge of the pawl 6 and serves as means for holding the teeth of the pawl in engagement with the teeth 4. of the shank. The pawl 6 is provided with a ring 9 through which the finger may be inserted for the purpose of moving the pawl upon its pivot so as to disengage its teeth from the teeth 4 when it is desired to shift the carrier 5 along the shank 1. A wheel 10 is located between the opposite side portions of the carrier 5 and is provided at its sides with gudgeons which are journaled in the sides of the said carrier 5. The wheel 10 is provided upon its periphery with teeth 12 which mesh with the teeth 4 upon the shank 1. The corner portions of the sides of the carrier 5 are cut away forming recesses 13 which are located opposite the sides of the wheel 10. Plates 14: are located between the sldes of the carrier 5 and are provided wit-h elongated slots 15 which receive the gudgeons 11 of the wheel. The inner edges of the plates 14. are adapted to bear against the side edge of the shank 1 or against the ends of the teeth 4 thereof. A jaw 16 is se cured between the upper ends of the plates 14 and is provided with teeth 17 The jaw 16 is provided with an arcuate surface 18 which at times is adapted to rest against the ends of the teeth 12 of the wheel 10.

In operation, the wrench is used as fol lows: The pawl 6 is swung against the tension of the spring 8 so that its teeth 7 are carried out of engagement with the teeth 4 upon the shank 1. The carrier 5 is then free and may be moved longitudinally along the shank 1. hen the carrier 5 has been moved to adesired point upon the shank 1, the pawl 6 is released whereby the spring 8 swings the same so that the teeth 7 are carried into engagement with the teeth 4. The aws of the wrench are then placed about the rod or pipe to be turned and when the said rod or pipe is turned in one direction, the teeth 8 and 17 grip the same but when the shank is turned in an opposite direction, the said teeth escape or slip along the surface of the rods or pipe and thus a new hold may be gained on the said rod or pipe. By reason of the fact that the plates 14 are provided with elongated slots 15, the said plates together with the jaw 16 may have a limited pivotal movement upon the gudgeons 11 of the wheel 10 and thus the teeth carried by the jaw 16 may escape or slip along the rod or pipe when the said jaw is moved in one direction with relation to the rod or pipe. In other words, the jaw 16 is capable of a movement usually found in wrenches of the Stilson type. When the teeth 3 and 17 are in close contact with the opposite sides of a rod or pipe, the arcuate surface 18 bears directly against the ends of the teeth of the wheel 10 and thus when the said rod or pipe is being turned, the strain is distributed from the jaw 16 to the wheel 10 and through its gudgeons 11 to the carrier 5 also through the pivotal connection between the carrier 5 and the pawl 6 to the shank 1. Inasmuch as the teeth 12 of the wheel 10 engage the teeth 4: of the shank 2, the strain is transmitted to the carrier 5 and from the wheel 10 through the teeth 12 and at to the shank 1. Therefore the presence of the wheel and the pawl upon the carrier 5 relieve each other of some of the strain. Therefore it will be seen that a wrench of simple structure is provided and that the parts are positive in their action and at the same time are compactly assembled whereby the wrench may be conveniently used in places where space is limited. Furthermore, the parts of the wrench may be easily and quickly adjusted to receive objects between the jaws of different diameters or dimensions.

Having described the invention what is claimed is:

1. A wrench comprising a shank having a jaw, a carrier slidably mounted upon the shank, a wheel journaled upon the carrier and engaging the shank, a plate having an elongated slot which receives the axis of the wheel, and a jaw carried by the plate and having an arcuate surface adapted to bear against the periphery of the wheel, said jaw adapted to bear against the shank.

2. A wrench comprising a shank having a jaw and provided with teeth, a carrier slidably mounted upon the shank, a wheel located between the sides of the carrier and having gudgeons journaled in the said sides, plates located between the opposite sides of the carrier and against the sides of the wheel and having slots which receive the gudgeons, and a jaw carried by said plates.

8.1%. wrench comprising a shank having a jaw and provided with teeth, a carrier slidably mounted upon the shank, a wheel located between the opposite sides of the carrier and having teeth which engage the teeth of the shank, said wheel being provided with gudgeons which are journaled in the sides of the carrier, plates located at the sides of the wheel and having slots which receive the gudgeons, and a jaw carried by the plates having an arcuate surface engageable with the teeth of the wheel.

l. A wrench comprising a shank provided with a jaw and having teeth, a carrier approximately U-shaped in edge elevation slidably mounted upon the shank, a wheel located between the opposite sides of the carrier and provided at its center with gudgeons which are journaled in the sides of the carrier, plates located at the oppos site sides of the wheels and having slots which receive said gudgeons, the opposite sides of the carrier adjacent said plates being cut away forming recesses which constitute finger openings for access to the plates, a jaw carried by the plate and provided with an arcuate surface which is engageable with the ends of the teeth upon the wheel.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM M. PALMER.

lVitnesses CLAUDE Moons, A. W. ALBRECHT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington. D. G. 

